Agricultural production has historically endured huge losses to pests and disease, and many methods of pest control have limited life spans — pests adapt or evolve resistance, which can reduce the long–term utility of control methods. Insect and herbicide resistance management are challenges that all farmers must face. Similar to all stewardship programmes, resistance management practices require a diversity of tools and must evolve and be flexible. Local agricultural conditions will help define what types of resistance management programs are needed, and they must be continuously reviewed and reconsidered.

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